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The viruses Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been linked to several cancers.
The conventional wisdom — backed by research — is that women, on average, achieve worse outcomes than men when negotiating. But Angelica Leigh ’20 (PhD) found that stereotype didn’t match her experiences as a Black woman.
Leigh, assistant professor of management and organization at Duke University, decided to explore the intersection of gender and race with Sreedhari Desai, associate professor of organizational behavior and Crist W. Blackwell Scholar at UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School.
Does being a member of two social groups that have experienced discrimination — Black and female — lead to worse outcomes, overall, in negotiations, with the double identity leading to greater disparities?
To find out, Leigh and Desai conducted three negotiation studies where they teased out differences based on race and gender, and they explored how different traits influence those results.
The results? The studies showed better outcomes, at least in some negotiations, for Black women compared to Black men and white women. On some social measures, such as wages, women of color still experience worse outcomes than white women and men of all races, Desai said, so there are still puzzling gaps.
“Oftentimes the generic advice given to women is that they will face backlash if they behave in assertive ways,” Desai said. “This backlash might not apply to Black women.”
She warns Black women “not to be derailed by such messages and to go play to your own strengths.”
In adult human brains, the hippocampus generates new neurons (adult-born neurons, or ABNs) throughout life, helping us maintain memories and regulate emotions. Scientists call this process “adult hippocampus neurogenesis.” In people with Alzheimer’s disease, this process is impaired, leading to reduced production of ABNs with poorer qualities.
Given that Alzheimer’s patients often develop both cognitive symptoms (such as memory loss) and non-cognitive symptoms (such as anxiety and depression) for which new neuron generation plays a critical role, one way to help Alzheimer’s patients achieve symptom relief could be to restore this function.
Published in the journal Cell Stem Cell, research from UNC School of Medicine scientists demonstrated that stimulating a brain region called the supramammillary nucleus effectively enhanced adult-born neurons in the otherwise impaired Alzheimer’s brains of mice.
After patterned stimulation of the supramammillary nucleus, Alzheimer’s brains developed more ABNs with improved qualities. Importantly, activation of these ABNs restored both cognitive and affective deficits in the mouse models.
“Ultimately, the hope is to develop first-in-class, highly targeted therapies to treat AD and related dementia,” said senior author Juan Song, PhD, associate professor of pharmacology and Jeffrey Houpt Distinguished Investigator at the UNC School of Medicine.
In research recently published in Nature, Jinsong Huang, Louis D. Rubin Jr. Distinguished Professor in the College of Arts and Sciences’ Department of Applied Physical Sciences, shared his group’s progress on a new type of photon counting detector that could offer safer medical imaging and enhance nighttime photography.
In addition to these areas, the advances described in “Self-Powered perovskite photon counting detectors” will have direct applications to consumer electronics, sensors, optical communication, radiation detection and more. Compared to current technologies on the market, the team’s technology is more cost effective and does not require external power sources, broadening the scope of how the technology can be applied.
Huang recently spoke with the applied physical sciences department to discuss his group’s research.
“Our group wanted to create technology to improve current photon detectors (called SiPMs, or silicon photomultipliers) because current detectors are limited in functionality and in how they can be applied. To address these problems, we wanted to develop technology that can detect and measure weak light in a way that is cost-effective and with high confidence,” said Huang.
“Our photon-counting detector has the potential to improve products in the fields of imaging, sensors and communications. For instance, the new technology may facilitate safer medical imaging like CT scans and reduce risks from radiography… Moving forward, we hope that this efficient, cost-effective technology will have far-reaching implications for the general population.”
